100 Guitar Chord Types and Techniques

In the vast world of guitar playing, chords are often the foundation upon which we build our musical expression. While many guitarists begin with standard major, minor, and 7th chords, there exists an incredible array of advanced and experimental chord techniques waiting to be explored. These techniques not only enhance the sound and style of your playing but also open doors to entirely new textures, genres, and creative possibilities. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll take you through 100 innovative chord types and techniques that go beyond the basics—touching on everything from flamenco rasgueados to spectral harmonies, prepared guitars, and beyond. Whether you’re a jazz enthusiast, a rock guitarist looking for a unique edge, or an experimental musician pushing the limits of harmony, this list offers inspiration for every kind of guitarist.

1. Basic Open Chords (Major and Minor)

• Start with the fundamental open-position chords, focusing on major (C, D, E, G, A) and minor (Am, Em, Dm).
• These are usually the easiest to learn and are foundational for countless songs, helping students build finger strength and dexterity.

2. Dominant 7th Chords (Open Position)

• Introduce dominant 7th chords (like E7, A7, D7) in open positions.
• These chords add a bluesy sound and are often used in many popular styles, from rock to blues, without requiring new shapes entirely.

3. Major and Minor Barre Chords (E and A Shapes)

• After open chords, students can work on barre chords, starting with the E-shape and A-shape (e.g., F, Bm).
• Barre chords allow for playing all major and minor chords up the neck and introduce the concept of movable shapes, helping students play in any key.

4. Minor 7th and Major 7th Chords

• These are often introduced once students are comfortable with basic barre chords.
• Teach minor 7th (e.g., Am7, Dm7) and major 7th (e.g., Cmaj7, Gmaj7) chords, which add a more complex, jazzy feel to their playing.

5. Sus2 and Sus4 Chords

• Suspended chords (e.g., Dsus2, Asus4) offer a unique, unresolved sound and are common in rock and pop.
• These are great for developing flexibility and understanding how simple alterations can change chord flavors.

6. 9th Chords (Add9, Dominant 9th)

• Add add9 (e.g., Cadd9, Gadd9) for a fresh, spacious sound, especially popular in genres like folk and pop.
• Dominant 9th chords (e.g., E9, A9) provide a jazzier or bluesier feel, often used in funk and jazz contexts.

7. Diminished and Augmented Chords

• Diminished and augmented chords introduce tension and are used in jazz, blues, and classical music.
• These are typically taught after the basics since they require understanding of intervals and can be more challenging to apply.

8. Extended Chords (11th, 13th)

• When students are ready, 11th and 13th chords add rich textures ideal for jazz, R&B, and neo-soul.
• These are best for advanced students who have a good grasp of finger independence and are ready to dive into complex harmonies.

9. Slash Chords and Inversions

• Slash chords (e.g., C/G, D/F#) and inversions expand a student’s understanding of bass lines and harmony.
• They are useful for more refined playing, helping students develop control over bass notes and adding sophistication to their chord voicings.

This sequence allows students to gradually expand their chord vocabulary, moving from basic open shapes to more intricate and varied voicings as they progress.

10. Power Chords (5 Chords)

• Although simple, power chords (e.g., G5, A5) are essential in rock, punk, and metal.
• They’re typically played on two or three strings and omit the 3rd, making them versatile and ideal for distorted tones.

11. Chord Voicings for Rhythm Guitar (Triads and Rootless Voicings)

• Triads (3-note chords, often just the root, 3rd, and 5th) on the top three strings are useful for rhythm guitar in pop, funk, and jazz.
• Rootless voicings omit the root, making them great for comping in jazz, as the bass player often covers the root.

12. Drop 2 and Drop 3 Voicings

• These are essential for jazz and add harmonic complexity. Drop 2 and drop 3 voicings on various string sets allow for rich, close-voiced harmonies.
• They’re especially useful for smooth voice leading and are often used in jazz standards and chord melody arrangements.

13. 6th and 6/9 Chords

• 6th chords (e.g., C6, A6) and 6/9 chords (e.g., G6/9, D6/9) have a warm, full sound, great for jazz, bossa nova, and blues.
• These chords add depth and richness without the tension found in 7th chords, making them ideal for relaxed or major-sounding progressions.

14. Altered Dominant Chords

• Altered dominants like 7#9, 7b9, 7#5, and 7b5 add tension and color, perfect for jazz, blues, and fusion.
• These are usually used in V chord positions to add a sense of unresolved tension before resolving back to the tonic.

15. Half-Diminished (m7b5) Chords

• Minor 7 flat 5 chords (e.g., Bm7b5) are common in jazz, neo-soul, and blues, providing a unique, tense quality.
• They’re often used as ii chords in minor keys or as passing chords in various progressions.

16. Polychords and Hybrid Chords

• Polychords (two chords stacked on top of each other, like D/C) and hybrid chords (like G(add13)) offer advanced harmonic options.
• These are used to create layered, complex sounds found in modern jazz and contemporary classical music.

17. Quartal Harmony Progressions

• Entire progressions using quartal harmony (built on intervals of fourths) create an open, contemporary sound.
• Often used in jazz and modal music, quartal harmony adds a sense of ambiguity and modernism to chord progressions.

18. Cluster Chords

• Cluster chords contain notes that are close together, like a C major chord with a D note added. They have a dense, contemporary feel, often used in ambient, jazz, and film music.
• These chords add tension and a modern, sometimes dissonant sound, and can be used to add emotional depth.

19. Modal Chord Voicings

• Teach chord voicings that emphasize certain modes, such as Lydian (maj#11) or Dorian (min6).
• Modal chords help students express specific musical moods and are excellent for improvisation in modal jazz or contemporary music.

20. Harmonic Minor and Melodic Minor Extensions

• Extensions derived from harmonic and melodic minor scales, such as min(maj7) and 7#11, add sophistication to minor key progressions.
• These chords are essential for jazz and fusion, adding a unique color that’s distinct from traditional major/minor sounds.

21. Minor Major 7th (m(maj7))

• The minor major 7th chord (e.g., Cm(maj7)) has an intriguing, dramatic sound often used in jazz, fusion, and film music.
• It’s typically formed by raising the 7th in a minor 7 chord, providing a complex, bittersweet color.

22. 13th Chords (Including Dominant 13th and Minor 13th)

• 13th chords add layers to the harmony by including the 9th, 11th, and 13th, giving a full, rich sound.
• Dominant 13th (e.g., A13) is often used in jazz and R&B, while minor 13th (e.g., Dm13) adds depth to minor key progressions.

23. Add4 Chords

• Add4 chords (e.g., Cadd4) create a brighter, suspended sound by adding the 4th degree to a major chord without resolving it.
• These are subtle but effective in adding emotional nuance, often used in pop and folk music.

24. Phrygian and Phrygian Dominant Chords

• Phrygian chords (e.g., E Phrygian, E-F-G-A-B-C-D) have a distinctly dark and exotic sound, often achieved with voicings that emphasize the b2 interval.
• Phrygian dominant chords (e.g., E7b9) are a staple in flamenco, classical, and some metal, offering a strong Spanish flavor.

25. Double-Stops and Incomplete Chords

• Double-stops (two-note chords) emphasize the root and another interval, such as a 3rd or 5th, ideal for lead playing and blues.
• Incomplete chords (leaving out the 3rd or 5th) allow for harmonic ambiguity and are often used in rock and blues.

26. Open-Voiced Triads

• Open-voiced triads spread the notes of a chord across a wider range, creating an open, airy sound.
• These are popular in folk, indie, and fingerstyle playing for adding depth and are especially useful on acoustic guitar.

27. Minor Add9 and Minor Add11 Chords

• Minor add9 (e.g., Cmadd9) and minor add11 chords introduce additional color without changing the chord’s core function.
• These voicings work well in pop, neo-soul, and folk for creating a lush, layered effect.

28. Upper Structure Triads

• Upper structure triads involve placing a triad on top of a different root (e.g., G major triad over a C bass), creating advanced tensions.
• This approach is a staple in jazz for introducing rich harmonic textures, especially in improvisational settings.

29. Secondary Dominants

• Secondary dominants are dominant 7th chords that lead to chords other than the tonic (e.g., A7 resolving to Dm in the key of C).
• They add direction and tension within a progression, enhancing the harmonic movement in jazz, blues, and classical music.

30. Chromatic Chords

• Chromatic chords involve moving chords in half-step increments, such as sliding a major shape up or down one fret (e.g., C moving to C#).
• Often used in jazz and modern pop, these chords provide a sense of unexpected movement and color.

31.   Quintal Chords

• Quintal harmony is built by stacking fifths, such as C-G-D-A-E, rather than stacking thirds as in traditional triads (C-E-G).
• Quintal chords create open-sounding voicings that feel ambiguous, often used in modern rock and ambient music.

32. Pedal Point Chords

• Pedal point chords involve keeping a common note (often the root or fifth) constant across a sequence of chords.
• These are effective for creating continuity and tension, frequently found in classical, jazz, and cinematic compositions.

33. Slash Chords with Tensions in the Bass

• Slash chords with non-root bass notes add tension and variety, like G/F# or Am/E.
• These voicings are popular in contemporary styles and offer more voice leading options, giving harmonic interest without changing the basic chord structure.

34. Bossa Nova and Samba Voicings

• Bossa nova chords (like m6, m9, and maj9) are adapted for jazz and Brazilian music, often utilizing bass movement and syncopated rhythms.
• These voicings are great for adding Latin flavor and rhythmic complexity.

35. Extended Arpeggiated Chords

• Using arpeggiated patterns of extended chords (e.g., Cmaj9 arpeggiated across several strings) creates a flowing, melodic texture.
• Arpeggios offer students the chance to explore each chord’s harmonic content in a melodic way, often used in fingerstyle and classical playing.

36. Artificial and Natural Harmonic Chords

• Combining harmonics with regular fretted notes or creating chords entirely from harmonics (like E harmonic chords on the 12th fret) can add an ethereal quality.
• These chords are popular in ambient, experimental, and jazz music, offering a shimmering, resonant effect.

37. Octave Chords and Octave Doubling

• Octave chords emphasize the same note an octave apart (e.g., C-C on different strings), creating a strong, focused sound.
• Common in jazz and rock, they’re great for solos and fills, as well as creating rhythmic emphasis.

38. Gypsy Jazz Voicings (Minor 6/9, Minor 9)

• Popularized by Django Reinhardt, Gypsy jazz chords like the minor 6/9 and minor 9 have a swinging, exotic quality.
• These are essential for the Gypsy jazz style, with quick, percussive movements and rich harmonic colors.

39. Three-Note Voicings for Comping

• Three-note voicings (often rootless) are compact and ideal for jazz comping, particularly in band settings where space is needed.
• Used in swing, bebop, and modern jazz, they allow for efficient rhythm playing with a clear harmonic foundation.

40. Modal Interchange Chords

• Modal interchange involves borrowing chords from parallel modes (e.g., using an F major chord in a piece in C minor).
• This technique adds fresh harmonic options and is widely used in genres like jazz, pop, and film music to create unique textures.

41. Pedal Steel-Style Chords and Sliding Harmonies

• Pedal steel-style chords involve bending one note within a chord shape to create expressive movement, emulating a pedal steel guitar.
• These are perfect for country, Americana, and blues, providing a smooth, sliding sound.

42. Ambiguous Chords (no 3rd)

• Ambiguous chords lack a 3rd, leaving them neither major nor minor (e.g., G5 or Dsus2).
• Used in rock, post-rock, and ambient genres, these chords create an open, neutral sound that invites interpretation.

43. Polymodal Chords

• Polymodal chords layer harmonies from different modes, such as playing a C Ionian chord progression with an E Phrygian melody.
• This adds a sophisticated, layered effect, useful in jazz fusion and progressive music for a sense of harmonic ambiguity.

44. Chord Clusters Using Finger-Picking

• Chord clusters involve notes that are very close together in pitch, usually played fingerstyle to avoid dissonant ringing.
• These chords produce a dense, modern sound often used in jazz, classical, and minimalist music.

45. Extended Harmonic Techniques: Bitonal and Polytonal Chords

• Bitonal and polytonal chords combine chords from different keys (e.g., Cmaj7 against F#maj7) for a complex, layered sound.
• This technique, found in avant-garde and jazz fusion, provides an otherworldly harmonic texture.

46. Microtonal and Quarter-Tone Chords

• Microtonal chords use intervals smaller than a half-step, such as quarter tones, for extreme dissonance or exotic tonal color.
• Often used in experimental music, microtonal chords require unique tuning setups or fretless guitars.

47. Fingerstyle Tapped Chords

• Tapped chords involve fretting and tapping notes simultaneously or in sequence to create complex harmonies.
• This technique is common in modern solo guitar playing and can add a percussive, intricate element to fingerstyle music.

48. Harmonic Minor and Melodic Minor Modal Chords

• Chords derived from harmonic minor and melodic minor modes (like the iv7 chord in melodic minor) add a unique tension and are essential in jazz and Latin music.
• These chords create distinct moods, allowing for progressions that feel unresolved or haunting.

49. “James Bond” Chords (Diminished and Minor-Major Extensions)

• Known for the tense, dramatic sound used in spy themes, these chords often include minor-major, diminished, and altered extensions.
• Great for cinematic or dramatic music, these chords create suspense and a sense of intrigue.

50. Open Tuning Chords and Voicings

• Open tuning chords like DADGAD or open G create unique chord voicings that are inaccessible in standard tuning.
• Used in folk, slide guitar, and Celtic music, open tuning chords allow for resonant, droning effects.

51. Double Capo and Partial Capo Chords

• Using a partial capo or double capo enables unique voicings by pressing down only certain strings at specific frets.
• These chords produce open and layered sounds that are otherwise impossible in standard tuning, popular in folk and experimental genres.

52. Natural Overtone Chords

• These chords, based on the harmonic overtone series, often use open strings and harmonics to emulate natural harmonic intervals.
• They’re highly resonant and used in classical and ambient styles to create a pure, ethereal quality.

53. Chord Inversions with Finger-Style Picking Patterns

• Combining inversions (changing the bass note of a chord) with specific fingerpicking patterns can create a delicate, evolving sound.
• This technique is common in folk and classical music, adding rhythmic and melodic variation to simple chords.

54. Polyphonic Textures and Independent Voices

• Polyphonic chords involve playing multiple independent melodic lines simultaneously within a chord structure.
• Essential in classical and fingerstyle playing, this approach creates a rich, layered texture.

55. Altered Bass Chords (Moving Bass Lines)

• Using altered bass notes within chords (like G/F# or C/E) provides strong voice leading and tension.
• These chords are essential in jazz, blues, and classical, creating harmonic motion and interest.

56. Prepared Guitar Chords

• Placing objects like paper clips, erasers, or small metal pieces on the strings creates percussive and unusual tones, often used in experimental and avant-garde music.
• Prepared guitar chords sound unlike conventional chords and are ideal for atmospheric or sound design-oriented playing.

57. Split Octave and Dropped Octave Chords

• By selectively dropping one or more notes of a chord down an octave (e.g., moving the root or 5th down an octave), you create a bass-heavy, resonant effect.
• This approach works well in genres like doom metal or ambient music for deep, immersive textures.

58. Rasgueado Chords (Flamenco Technique)

• Using rasgueado (a rapid finger-strumming technique from flamenco) with chords adds rhythmic complexity and intensity.
• Often employed in Latin music, it gives standard chords a dynamic, percussive edge.

59. Pedal Tone Chords

• Pedal tone chords use a constant bass note while the upper notes move through a progression (e.g., a C note held on the low string while the upper strings play G, F, and Am).
• This technique is common in classical, metal, and post-rock, creating harmonic tension and anchoring the harmony.

60. Serial (12-Tone) Chords

• Using a series of notes without repeating any pitch until all 12 have been used (known as serialism) creates highly dissonant, atonal chords.
• Primarily found in contemporary classical music, this technique produces stark, unconventional harmonies.

61. Clustered Harmonics

• Playing harmonic clusters by combining natural and artificial harmonics creates unique, shimmering textures.
• This technique is often used in ambient and modern classical music, adding an otherworldly sound to chords.

62. Bow Guitar Chords (Using a Violin Bow or E-Bow)

• Using a violin bow or an E-Bow sustains notes indefinitely, creating evolving chords with long, sustained harmonies.
• Common in experimental, drone, and ambient music, these chords are ideal for creating atmospheric, haunting sounds.

63. Multi-Finger Tapping Chords

• By using multiple fingers on both hands to tap out chord shapes, complex harmonies and arpeggios can be created without strumming.
• This technique is favored in progressive and solo guitar work for creating intricate, cascading sound textures.

64. Two-Handed Hammer-On/Pull-Off Chords

• Combining hammer-ons and pull-offs across both hands creates complex chords that evolve and move fluidly.
• Known in styles like jazz fusion and math rock, this technique produces a fluid, legato sound and works well with percussive elements.

65. Slide Guitar Chords in Open Tuning

• Using a slide (bottleneck or metal) in open tuning allows for fluid, gliding chords with rich resonance.
• Slide chords are essential in blues, rock, and folk and create unique textures that are difficult to achieve with standard fretting.

66. Glissando Chords

• Sliding entire chord shapes up or down the fretboard (glissando) without lifting fingers adds a smooth, continuous effect.
• This approach is common in jazz, rock, and ambient music for adding a liquid quality to harmonic changes.

67. Silent Strumming and Ghost Chords

• Silent strumming involves strumming muted strings to create a percussive effect, while ghost chords imply a chord shape but aren’t fully played.
• Popular in funk, jazz, and reggae, these techniques emphasize rhythm and groove, making the harmonic content more dynamic.

68. Open-String Drone Chords

• Using open strings as constant drone notes while fretting chords on higher frets creates a lush, drone-like effect.
• Often found in folk, drone, and ambient music, this technique can transform standard chords into resonant, layered sounds.

69. Gliding Harmonics and Natural Decay

• Strumming harmonics and then sliding or bending the strings as the harmonics decay creates a shifting, ghostly chord effect.
• Used in ambient, experimental, and atmospheric styles, this technique brings a dreamlike, floating quality to chords.

70. Fingerstyle Percussive Chords (Thumb Slaps, Taps)

• Incorporating percussive slaps or taps on the body of the guitar along with chords creates a rhythm-driven, dynamic style.
• Used in modern acoustic fingerstyle, this approach blends harmonic and rhythmic playing for full-bodied, syncopated sounds.

71. Hindustani and Carnatic Microtonal Chords

• Based on Indian classical music intervals, these chords use specific microtones or shrutis between the Western half and whole steps.
• This technique requires a specialized understanding of microtones and is often used in experimental or world music fusion.

72. Poly-Rhythmic and Polymetric Chords

• Using different rhythms or meters within each string grouping in a chord (e.g., a triplet feel on the lower strings and duplets on the upper) adds rhythmic complexity.
• Common in progressive and math rock, these chords are perfect for creating dense, layered rhythmic textures.

73. Octave Harmonized Chords

• Playing the same chord shape in different octaves simultaneously on two guitars or overdubbing creates a rich, layered sound.
• This technique is used in rock and pop for a fuller effect, often adding depth to simple chord progressions.

74. Percussive Palm Mute Chords

• Using a strong palm mute across all strings for an almost staccato effect makes chords sound percussive and tight.
• Essential in genres like metal and punk, this technique focuses on rhythmic precision and adds punch.

75. Split Chords with Fretboard Divisions

• Dividing the fretboard into two or more sections and playing different chords in each area (e.g., open strings for one chord, fretted for another) creates complex harmonies.
• Used in contemporary and classical guitar, this technique is highly expressive and produces unexpected harmonic results.

76. Prepared Fingerstyle Chords with Scratching and Tapping

• Adding scratching, tapping, and other non-traditional techniques to fingerstyle chords adds a strong rhythmic element.
• Used in modern acoustic music, this combines melody, harmony, and rhythm into a single percussive, layered performance.

77. Partial Capo Voicings in Non-Standard Tuning

• Using partial capos in unusual tunings creates exotic voicings and interval combinations that aren’t possible in standard tuning.
• This approach is popular in folk and experimental guitar for creating truly unique harmonic textures.

78. Dynamic Harmonic Bends (Simultaneous Multiple String Bends)

• Bending multiple strings at different intervals within a chord shape creates bending harmonies, a sound often heard in country, blues, and rock.
• This technique adds a soulful, expressive element to chords and requires finger strength and control.

79. Bell-Like Chords with Selective Palm Muting

• Selectively palm-muting lower strings while letting upper strings ring creates a bell-like, chiming quality.
• This is useful in folk and ambient music, where resonant upper tones can ring out against a soft bass note.

80. Non-Tonal Chords with Unique Techniques

• Some chords use non-standard techniques like plucking behind the nut, tapping on the fretboard above the 12th fret, or using prepared guitar techniques.
• These chords are particularly popular in experimental music, creating dissonant, unconventional sounds that challenge traditional tonality.

81. Sympathetic Resonance Chords

• Playing chords that emphasize resonant, open strings to generate sympathetic vibrations on neighboring strings (e.g., striking a low E while other strings ring).
• This technique creates a naturally layered, harmonic texture and is common in ambient and drone music.

82. Multi-Capo Chords

• Using multiple capos at different fret positions allows for overlapping tonalities, resulting in unique chord voicings.
• Often seen in folk and experimental settings, this approach enables complex, layered chords across different ranges.

83. Pitch-Shifted Chords with Effects

• Using effects pedals (e.g., a pitch shifter or harmonizer) to play chords that are shifted in pitch, creating a synthesized harmony.
• This approach is popular in genres like post-rock, shoegaze, and modern electronic guitar music for surreal harmonic textures.

84. Polyphonic Synth and MIDI Chords

• Guitarists with MIDI pickups can trigger polyphonic synth chords, essentially expanding the guitar’s sound into orchestral or electronic realms.
• This is widely used in fusion, experimental, and cinematic music, allowing guitarists to play synth sounds while maintaining guitaristic gestures.

85. Reverse Delay and Reverb Chords

• Using reverse effects on chords (e.g., with reverse delay or reverb) can produce ethereal, swelling harmonies as each chord gradually fades in.
• This technique is great for ambient, dream pop, and cinematic soundscapes, giving chords a ghostly, otherworldly presence.

86. Pitch Bending on Individual Notes within Chords (Whammy Pedal or Tremolo Arm)

• Bending specific notes within a chord, either with a whammy pedal or tremolo arm, allows the chord to morph in real time.
• Known in rock and experimental guitar, this technique makes chords fluid and adds dynamic, pitch-shifting layers.

87. Ambient Looped Chord Layers

• By looping chords and building them up layer by layer, guitarists can create harmonically dense, ambient textures that evolve over time.
• This technique is popular in solo guitar performance, ambient, and post-rock, often creating expansive soundscapes.

88. Symmetrical Scale Chords

• Using symmetrical scales (e.g., diminished or whole-tone scales) to construct chords creates equal interval chords that sound exotic and unresolved.
• These chords are common in jazz fusion and classical music, adding an eerie or floating quality.

89. Spectral Harmony Chords

• Spectral harmony uses harmonics that align with the overtone series, emulating natural harmonic frequencies.
• This advanced approach is rare on guitar but can be used in avant-garde music to explore pure tones and natural resonance.

90. Rhythmic Harmonics and Harmonic Chord Patterns

• Tapping or strumming harmonics in sync with rhythmic patterns, often creating unique, shimmering effects.
• This technique is common in fingerstyle and percussive acoustic playing, blending rhythm and melody harmonically.

91. Prepared Alternate Tunings with String Damping

• Applying dampers (like fabric or rubber) to strings in specific tunings to mute them selectively, creating custom percussive tones.
• Used in experimental music, this approach gives chords a unique, staccato sound.

92. Haptic Feedback Chords (Vibrating the Body or Strings)

• Utilizing feedback from an amp or speaker, or manually vibrating the guitar’s body to enhance sympathetic resonance in chords.
• Popular in experimental music, this technique adds a physical and visceral quality to each chord.

93. Temporal Dynamics Chords

• Slowly building or fading in chords over time, dynamically altering the harmonic intensity.
• Used in ambient and cinematic music to create evolving harmonic landscapes and subtle tension.

94. Ring Modulated and Bitcrushed Chords

• Using effects like ring modulation or bitcrushing to distort chords into synthetic, robotic textures.
• This is a favorite in avant-garde and electronic music, providing a gritty, mechanized harmonic quality.

95. Spatialized Surround-Sound Chords

• Sending different notes of a chord to separate speakers for a surround-sound effect, creating an immersive harmonic experience.
• This setup, often used in performance art and experimental installations, breaks traditional spatial boundaries of guitar chords.

96. Chords Using Haptic or Robotic Assistants

• Integrating robotic “assistants” or haptic feedback devices that press frets, creating harmonically perfect or mechanically unique voicings.
• Seen in experimental and technological performance art, it allows for precise, complex chords that human fingers may not reach.

97. Electromagnetic Sustain on Chord Notes

• Using an EBow or similar tool to sustain individual notes within a chord indefinitely, adding depth and mystery to harmonic voicings.
• Popular in ambient and experimental music, this creates drone effects and enhances harmonic resonance.

98. Algorithmically Generated Chord Progressions

• Feeding chord data into AI or algorithmic systems that generate harmonic patterns and chord clusters for performance.
• Primarily seen in experimental and contemporary music, this approach offers infinite harmonic permutations.

99. Micro-Intervalic Chords for Expanded Harmonic Series

• Combining notes in intervals smaller than traditional Western semitones to explore harmonic overtones.
• Known in avant-garde and microtonal music, these chords stretch conventional tuning systems.

100. Reversed-Polarity (Phase-Shifting) Chords

• Applying reversed-phase effects to chords creates an “out-of-phase” sound that feels spatially hollow or inverted.
• Found in experimental and psychedelic music, this effect emphasizes harmonic voids within chords.